快速變化的指紋識別技術市場已經深入消費類領域- 指紋傳感器出貨量將以18%的複合年增長率成長，預計2022年將達到47億美元市場規模。
指紋傳感器在消費類市場中的發展：三年內從近乎零到幾十億美元
在收購指紋傳感器公司Authentec之後，蘋果公司於2013年發布了iPhone 5s，從而推動指紋傳感器的大量應用。此後幾年，指紋傳感器在消費類市場中的出貨量呈現出不可思議的增長。起初，指紋傳感器用於手機解鎖和信息保護。然而現在，指紋傳感器越來越多地應用於在線識別和移動支付等安全功能。
指紋傳感器市場的四大驅動因素
應用於智能手機的指紋傳感器出貨量從2013年的2300萬顆增至2016年6.89億顆。可見，2013~2016年期間，手機應用的指紋傳感器出貨量的複合年增長率高達210%！預計2016~2022年期間，該領域的增長將趨於“理性”，複合年增長率約為18%。
指紋識別正成為每部智能手機的標配功能，並增添了很多實用價值。然而，飛速的出貨量增長伴隨著強大的成本壓力，這是指紋傳感器在過去三年中發生的現實寫照。指紋傳感器的平均成本已經從2013年的約5美元降至2016年的3美元左右，而且低端指紋傳感器成本更加低廉。儘管如此，但成本壓力還沒有消失。當前的技術日臻成熟，並受到新技術的威脅。新技術需要通過“更低的成本”來獲得發展動力。例如，3D超聲波指紋識別技術。
指紋傳感器的主要技術類型
過去幾年中，消費類指紋傳感器市場的演變一直受到智能手機中對生物識別技術應用的驅動。2010年，消費類指紋傳感器的市場營收約為幾千萬美元，主要來自筆記本電腦業務。然後，整體消費類市場飛漲，2016年的出貨量達到8億顆，市場規模約為29億美元。Yole預測2016~2022年的消費類指紋傳感器市場的複合年增長率為18%。
一項技術主導市場，但是未來存在變數
自2013年以來，指紋傳感器的主要技術是主動式電容感應原理，其大小如按鈕形狀，以相對低的成本提供良好的性能。然而，最近智能手機市場的放緩，促使手機廠商進行創新，側重於設計和使用改進，而不是性能。通過促進創新且非常有吸引力的全玻璃顯示屏的發展，進而推動指紋傳感器廠商重新設計他們的傳感器和集成方式。在玻璃或其它材料下集成指紋傳感器限制了傳感器的性能，這意味著技術路徑的選擇現在變得至關重要。
電容技術不斷發展演進，以克服其它技術的威脅。雖然超聲波感測技術正在興起，但是其高成本限制了市場拓展。另一種基於光學感測的指紋識別技術使用薄膜晶體管（TFT），也正在出現。這使得指紋傳感器可以在大型面板上批量生產，進而降低整體的生產成本。
因為許多消費類應用可能通過指紋傳感器訪問，所以它們將為供應商帶來大量營收。本報告將詳細介紹所有不同的技術將在不同的市場競爭和發展，包括智能手機、平板電腦、筆記本電腦、物聯網和汽車。
指紋傳感器集成發展之路
快速變化的指紋傳感器廠商和技術佈局
指紋傳感器市場主要由三大廠商“掌控”：蘋果（Apple）、Fingerprint Cards（FPC）、新思（Synaptics）。有趣的是，指紋傳感器和應用處理器是兩個完全由蘋果公司自己設計的器件。這意味著這些器件對於蘋果公司來說，顯得非常重要，並且是其長期發展戰略的一部分。隨著指紋傳感器市場開始多樣化，領導廠商蘋果的佈局非常值得關注。
首先，樂視LeMax Pro智能手機集成了高通Sense ID玻璃內層（under-glass）金屬指紋傳感器——基於創新的超聲波感測原理。然後，FPC發布其首款under-glass指紋傳感器解決方案，這款基於電容感測原理的FPC1268表明電容技術還沒走到終點。此外，Synaptics宣布與上海籮箕技術有限公司（Oxi）合作開發了光學指紋傳感器：FS9100。
上述這些最新的公司產品發布表明，指紋傳感器市場是高度動態的，對於傳感器廠商也非常重要。他們可以在某些技術方向上“下賭注”，以期獲得高投資回報，因為指紋傳感器仍然具有較高的價值。不可否認，在巨大的增長之後，未來幾年仍將繼續上升，2022年市場規模將達到47億美元。但是，一項新的技術出現，可能完全重塑廠商格局，重新劃分市場份額，並為廠商提供新的機遇。
指紋傳感器公司與市場份額情況
過去三年是指紋傳感器發展的第一階段。現在，我們正處於下一階段的開始。事實上，這是一個重要的轉折點，技術多樣性能夠帶來新的用途和更好的性能。更多新的應用領域仍有待發掘。
本報告介紹不同應用對指紋傳感器的集成需求，您可以了解到指紋傳感器主要技術及廠商情況。您還可以發現指紋傳感器供應鏈上下游企業及技術投入狀況，以及未來幾年指紋傳感器出貨量、市場規模、平均銷售價格和市場機遇等內容。
The rapid-changing fingerprint technology market has expanded impressively into the consumer space – now shipment volumes will benefit from an 18% CAGR through to 2022, when the market will be worth $4.7B.
FROM ALMOST ZERO TO A MULTI-BILLION DOLLAR MARKET IN THREE YEARS!
Apple introduced the iPhone 5s in 2013, after acquiring Authentec a year earlier. Since then, fingerprint sensors have been massively adopted, and the volumes of sensors shipped into the consumer market have grown incredibly. At first, the sensors were a convenience and protection feature for unlocking phones. However, they are now shifting into a security feature for online identification and mobile payment in an increasing number of smartphones.
From 23 million units in 2013, 689 million fingerprint sensors for smartphones were sold in 2016. This is an incredible 210% compound annual growth rate (CAGR) between 2013 and 2016! The 2016-2022 timeframe will see a more reasonable, but still impressive, 19% CAGR.
Fingerprint sensing is becoming a mandatory feature on every smartphone, adding a lot of value. However such an increase in volume is always followed by strong cost pressure, and this is what has happened over the last three years. The average cost of a fingerprint sensor has decreased from around $5 in 2013 to $3 in 2016, and even less for low-end technologies. And the pressure hasn’t gone away. Current technologies have now reached maturity, and are threatened by new technologies, which need lower cost to gain momentum. This is the case for ultrasonic detection, for instance.
Over the past four years, consumer fingerprint sensor market evolution has been driven by the introduction of the biometry in the smartphone business. Revenues were a few tens of millions of dollars in 2010, mainly from the laptop business. Then, the overall consumer market skyrocketed, shipping 800 million units in 2016, worth $2.9 billion. We now forecast an overall consumer market volume CAGR of 18% from 2016 to 2022.
ONE TECHNOLOGY DOMINATES THE MARKET – BUT CHANGE IS EXPECTED
Since 2013, the main technology has been active capacitive sensing, which provides good performance at a relatively low cost in a button form factor. However, the recent slowdown of the smartphone market is pushing smartphone manufacturers to innovate, focusing on design and use improvements, not performance. By promoting new and very attractive all-glass displays for upcoming flagships, they are pushing fingerprint sensor manufacturers to re-invent their sensors and integration. The integration of the sensor under the glass or other materials limits the sensor performance, which means the choice of the technology is now becoming crucial.
Capacitive technology is evolving to overcome the threat from other technologies. While ultrasonic detection is gaining momentum, its high cost is limiting its expansion. Another technology based on optical detection, with the use of Thin Film Transistors (TFTs), is also emerging. This allows mass production of fingerprint sensors on large panels, reducing the overall production cost.
Because many consumer applications are potentially addressable by fingerprint sensors, they could offer big revenues to suppliers in the near future. All the different technologies will compete and evolve in very different markets, including smartphones, tablets, laptops, the internet of things, and automotive, which are described in this report.
A RAPIDLY-CHANGING PLAYER AND TECHNOLOGY LANDSCAPE
The fingerprint sensor market is dominated by three major players: Apple, Fingerprint Cards (FPC) and Synaptics. It’s interesting to note that the fingerprint sensor and the application processor are the only components that Apple designs in-house. This means that these devices are really important to the company and are part of its long-term strategy. As the fingerprint market starts to diversify, it will be interesting to see where its leader, Apple, is heading.
After the LeMax Pro smartphone from LeEco integrating Qualcomm’s Sense ID under-glass metal fingerprint sensor, based on innovative ultrasonic sensing. Then, FPC announcing the first integration of its own under-glass fingerprint solution. Based on capacitive detection, the FPC1268 shows that capacitive technology is not over yet. Synaptics has also announced a partnership with Chinese company Oxi, which owns a TFT-based technology. All those recent releases show that the fingerprint market is both highly dynamic and extremely important to sensor manufacturers. They can potentially bet big, with high return on investments, because the sensors are still high value. Admittedly, after huge growth, the coming years will likely be still profitable, with the total market reaching $4.7 billion by 2022. But a new deal could completely reshape the player landscape, redefine market shares and offer huge opportunities to many players.
The last three years were the first stage in the evolution of the fingerprint sensors. Now, we are at the beginning of the next stage. In fact, it’s a turning point, when technology diversity can enable new uses and better performance. A new world of applications remains to be discovered.
In this report, we will look at the different applications eager to integrate fingerprint sensors. You will also discover the technologies behind the fingerprint sensor market and who the players are. You’ll find out who is involved in this complex and rapid-changing supply chain and who is betting big on the technology. You will also see what the market should look like in five years in terms of volume, value, average selling prices and opportunities.
Source:YOLE
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